Rare 17th-Century Coin Featuring Charles I's Likeness Found in Maryland

In late 2019, archaeologists unearthed the remains of a key landmark in American history: St. Mary’s Fort. A football field–sized plot of land in southern Maryland, the defensive outpost—established by English colonists in 1634—housed the first permanent European settlement in the state and the fourth such settlement in British North America. Historic St. Mary’s City publicly announced the discovery in March 2021 to much fanfare.

Now, Jeffrey R. Parno and his colleagues have once again struck gold—or, more accurately, silver. In late April, archaeologists announced that they’d found a rare silver coin at the fort. The shilling bears inscriptions indicating that it was minted in London between 1633 and 1634, reports Colleen Grablick for DCist. As Michael E. Ruane writes for the Washington Post, the coin’s discovery allows researchers to confidently date the dig site to 1634, the year that English settlers first arrived in Maryland.

When archaeologists first excavated the shilling in November, it felt like “Christmas,” Parno tells DCist. Per the Post, archaeologist crew chief Stephanie Stevens discovered the coin and immediately texted an image of her find to Parno with an elated note: “OMG!” Earlier in the dig, Parno had joked with his team that “if you could find me a coin that has 1634 on it, that would be helpful,” according to a St. Mary’s Fort Instagram post. His team discovered just that.

The coin bears a telltale “mint mark”: a tiny image of a castle portcullis, or a type of closing gate typical in medieval European castles. As Parno tells Live Science, residents of later colonial forts employed tobacco—a valuable cash crop—as currency, so the shilling’s presence site strongly suggests that it was the first European settlement in the region.

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/rare-silver-coin-minted-king-charles-is-likeness-discovered-maryland-180977760/



Archaeologists confirmed the discovery of St. Mary's Fort in late 2019 but only announced the news in 2021.
This drawing shows what the the garrison may have looked like.
(Jeffrey R. Parno / Historic St. Mary’s City)