General Discussion

https://www.nationalguard.mil/Portals/31/Documents/FEDERALIZATION-OF-GUARD-UP-TO-2025.pdf

On at least ten occasions since World War II, the President has mobilized National Guard troops for
missions within the borders of the U.S. and retained them under federal authority. All these instances would fall
within the broad confines of the Constitution, which authorizes the President to call up the militia "to execute the
Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions." (Article I, Section 8, Clause 15)
Three earlier mobilizations, (Whiskey Rebellion, Dorr's Rebellion, and Mexican Border) also demonstrate
federal use of troops for these purposes and are discussed here.

-snip-

1967 Detroit Riots -23 July to 2 August 1967. Authorized by Executive Order 11364. 10,253 Michigan Army National Guard
federally mobilized.

1968 -King Assassination Riots -1,854 DC Guard, 5-16 April 68 (Executive Order 11403 of April 5, 1968). 7,174
Illinois Guard in Chicago, 7-11 April 68 (Executive Order 11404 of April 7, 1968). 5,783 Maryland National Guard in
Baltimore, 7-12 April 68 (Executive Order 11405 of April 7, 1968). Total 14,811 federalized.

1970 -New York City Postal Strike -24 March 70 -?? April 70. Authorized by Executive Order 11519 of 23 March
70. 28,100 total Active and Reserve (26,273 reserve, of which 10,845 ARNG and 1,876 ANG). More than 1,000
troops delivered mail in NYC's financial district; the rest sorted mail and kept strikers from interfering with delivery.

1989 -Virgin Islands (Hurricane Hugo) -Initially, beginning on 16 Sept, a Territorial mobilization. On Sept. 20, 1989, via
Executive Order 12690, President Bush invoked the Insurrection Act to federalize the National Guard to impose order
following violence and looting in the wake of Hurricane Hugo. Virgin Islands reported 954 Army National Guard and 29 Air
National Guard personnel mobilized for Fiscal Year 1989.

1992 -LA (Rodney King) Riots -11,398 California Guard. At first a state active duty call up, but after two days, President
Bush invoked the Insurrection Act and called the Guard into federal service: Executive Order 12804, May 1, 1992. Virtually
the entire 40 th Infantry Division was mobilized.

2025 - Los Angeles (Immigration & Customs Enforcement protests) - President Donald Trump invokes an Executive
Order and cites 12406 Title 10 USC, on 7 June 2025, placing 2,000 of the California National Guard under federal service.
First invocation of this provion.