General Discussion

System and how other developed countries do theirs. A great place to start is T. R. Reid’s “Sick Around the World/The Healing of America” (also made into a PBS Frontline show).

Review on Amazon: Fine overview of world health care models https://a.co/d/06p6QIpk

“… What he does find are four basic models of coverage:

1) The Bismarck Model: Both health care providers and payers are private entities. Private health insurance companies, which are financed by employer and employee contributions, do not make a profit. There are tight controls on the costs of medical services and fees. (Germany, France and Japan use this model.)

2) The Beveridge Model: Health care is provided by the government. It is financed by taxes. All hospitals and clinics are owned by the government. Most doctors work only for the government. (Great Britain, Spain, Italy, most of Scandinavia, Hong Kong and Cuba use this model.)

3) The National Health Insurance Model: The providers of health care are private, but they are paid only by the government; thus, this is a single-payer system. The system is financed by monthly premiums. (Canada, Taiwan and South Korea use this model.)

4) The Out-of-Pocket Model: Those with money pay for medical care; those without money stay sick and/or die. The government is too poor and/or disorganized to provide universal health care. There are few or no private insurance companies or plans. (Approximately 160 countries in the world use this model.)…”