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"Under the terms of the treaty, the tribes gave up thousands of acres of land that had been promised in earlier treaties but retained hunting and fishing rights, in exchange for the Great Sioux Reservation in what’s now South Dakota, including the Black Hills.

The U.S. nonetheless facilitated mining expeditions into the Black Hills. Once gold was discovered there, miners moved onto Sioux hunting grounds and sought protection from the U.S. Army, and the U.S. government eventually confiscated the Black Hills in 1877, according to the National Archives."