Israel/Palestine

to what's under the surface property rights owner from accessing the minerals.

You have some land and it's determined there's something useful under there and Trump leases the rights to those minerals from the State of Colorado, you have no legal right to stop him from mining.

https://slb.colorado.gov/lease/mining

Things vary.

(The bit with at-Tuwani is distressing--but how Jews were dispossessed of West Bank territories during the time that Jordan occupied then annexed the West bank is also distressing. And how Jews were treated under Ottoman law, also distressing. Lots of victimization and oppression to go around, but while 3D glasses use red and blue filters, most just have on all-blue or all-red glasses.)