representative democracy or as some will call it a constitutional republic.
Now it appears I am living in under a form of oligarchy known as a plutocracy.
The term Plutocracy derives from the Greek word Ploutokratia. Ploutos means wealth while kratia means rule or power. Thus, the full translation of this word is the rule or command by the wealthy. Plutocracy is, therefore, defined as a state, society or government controlled and ruled by the wealthy or a wealthy class. This particular class of people govern a state or society because of their wealth, or rather, their power stems from their wealth. History illustrates that the wealthy class is most often the minority in a society. In essence, it is a small minority ruling or dominating the rest of the classes in society. Interestingly, in a Plutocracy, the wealthy group will exercise control and power either directly or indirectly. Thus, for example, government policies will be formulated in a way that benefits this wealthy group. Further, access to certain resources will only be available to this wealthy class thereby denying the rest of society certain resources and rights. Such a form of government inevitably results in inequality, unfairness, and injustice.
http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-oligarchy-and-vs-plutocracy/
Many of the problems you mentioned above are due to the fact that the "haves" are in charge and the reality is that there really are not many in the "have" catagory anymore but there are an increasing number of "have nots."