African American

Parts of the "Giant Steps" album (including the title track) were being recorded the same day as "Mingus Ah Um".
Coltrane started recording it just two weeks after he participated in the "Kind of Blue" sessions with Miles, and it couldn't have been further from what Miles was doing.

The fact that Atlantic didn't release "Giant Steps" until 1960 doesn't make it any less a 1959 album...at least in my opinion.

It was just as pivotal as the other four because it was a transitional album that pointed to an organized way for an improviser to go "outside" the chord changes without completely abandoning them, as Ornette was doing. After "Giant Steps", Coltrane quickly realized that the rhythm section didn't need to pound out all of the "Trane changes" that made up a lot of the harmonic material on the album. Coltrane quickly moved toward simplifying the harmony of the piano and bass, leaving him to play his chord substitutions on top of them. This created the sound that he was playing outside, but with logical harmonic intent.

So, while technically not a 1959 release, "Giant Steps" was being created at the same time, and was equally as important, as the four albums mentioned in the documentary.